{"id":365,"date":"2026-07-26T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-07-26T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/all-cancers.com\/cancer\/melanoma-malignant-melanoma-cancer-types\/"},"modified":"2026-10-29T13:38:06","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T13:38:06","slug":"melanoma-malignant-melanoma-cancer-types","status":"publish","type":"cancer_type","link":"https:\/\/all-cancers.com\/zh-hk\/cancer\/melanoma-malignant-melanoma-cancer-types\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ac-blog-article\">\n<p class=\"ac-blog-lead\"><strong>\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7531\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7d30\u80de\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u76ae\u819a\u764c\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7d30\u80de\u8ca0\u8cac\u7522\u751f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u6c7a\u5b9a\u819a\u8272\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u5728\u76ae\u819a\u764c\u767c\u751f\u7387\u4e2d\u6240\u4f54\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e0d\u5230 5%\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u537b\u4f54\u4e86\u76ae\u819a\u764c\u76f8\u95dc\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\uff0c\u9019\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u5176\u7279\u5225\u5177\u6709\u4fb5\u8972\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<nav class=\"ac-blog-toc\" aria-label=\"\u672c\u6587\u5c0e\u89bd\">\n<p><strong>\u672c\u6587\u5c0e\u89bd<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#what-is-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\uff1f<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#causes-and-risk-factors-of-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u5371\u96aa\u56e0\u5b50<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#symptoms-of-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u75c7\u72c0<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#stages-of-melanoma-malignant-melanoma-and-survival-rates\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\u548c\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#limitations-of-traditional-therapies-for-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u50b3\u7d71\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/nav>\n<h2 id=\"what-is-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f <strong>\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09<\/strong>?<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f9e\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7368\u7279\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7684\u660e\u986f\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3002\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba <strong>\u74e6\u723e\u5821\u6548\u61c9<\/strong>\uff0c\u764c\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7d30\u80de\u6d88\u8017\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u6b63\u5e38\u7d30\u80de\u9ad8\u8fd1 200 \u500d\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u9577\u548c\u589e\u6b96\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u64da\u4e16\u754c\u885b\u751f\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u6578\u64da\uff082024\uff09\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u6bcf\u5e74\u5f71\u97ff\u5168\u7403\u7d04 324,000 \u4eba\uff0c\u767c\u75c5\u7387\u7a69\u5b9a\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u967d\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u8f03\u591a\u7684\u5730\u5340\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u570b\u5bb6\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u7684\u767c\u75c5\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u8f03\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u64da\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u767c\u75c5\u7387\u986f\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u81ea 2015 \u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u60a3\u75c5\u7387\u4e0a\u5347\u4e86 20%\uff0c\u9019\u8207\u6236\u5916\u6d3b\u52d5\u548c\u967d\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u589e\u52a0\u7b49\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u6709\u95dc\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"affected-populations-and-regional-data\">\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u53e3\u548c\u5340\u57df\u6578\u64da<\/h3>\n<p>\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u901a\u5e38\u5f71\u97ff 40 \u81f3 70 \u6b72\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u5728\u8f03\u5e74\u8f15\u7684\u5e74\u9f61\u5c64\u3002\u7d71\u8a08\u6578\u64da\u5f37\u8abf\u7537\u6027\u767c\u75c5\u7387\u7565\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u8077\u696d\u6027\u967d\u5149\u7167\u5c04\u548c\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u4fdd\u8b77\u7fd2\u6163\u3002\u8207\u897f\u65b9\u540c\u884c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9999\u6e2f\u4eba\u53e3\u5c0d\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u653e\u5927\u4e86\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5e74\u9f61\u7d44<\/strong>\uff1a\u6700\u5e38\u5728\u4e2d\u8001\u5e74\u4eba (40-70 \u6b72) \u4e2d\u8a3a\u65b7\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4f46\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u5f71\u97ff\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6027\u5225\u5dee\u7570<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u65bc\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6216\u8077\u696d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u66b4\u9732\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u4e2d\u7a0d\u5fae\u5e38\u898b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4e9e\u6d32\u7279\u6709\u7684\u98a8\u96aa<\/strong>\uff1a\u80a2\u7aef\u96c0\u6591\u6a23\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u7368\u7279\u8868\u73fe\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u66f4\u70ba\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5f71\u97ff\u624b\u638c\u3001\u8173\u5e95\u548c\u6307\u7532\u4e0b\uff0c\u7d66\u8a3a\u65b7\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\u5e36\u4f86\u6311\u6230\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u60c5\u7dd2\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u56f0\u64fe\u3001\u6050\u61fc\u548c\u7126\u616e\u7684\u611f\u89ba\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u3002\u5728\u8eab\u9ad4\u4e0a\uff0c\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u672c\u8eab\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u75b2\u52de\u3001\u982d\u75db\u3001\u75bc\u75db\u548c\u4e0d\u9069\u7b49\u75c7\u72c0\u5c0d\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u6709\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u70ba\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u764c\u75c7\u751f\u7269\u5b78\uff0c\u8acb\u8a2a\u554f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u7d9c\u5408 <a href=\"\/zh-hk\/treatment-cancer\/\">\u764c\u75c7\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u6982\u8ff0<\/a>\uff0c\u6216\u63a2\u7d22\u524d\u6cbf <a href=\"\/zh-hk\/our-hospital\/\">\u764c\u75c7\u8a3a\u65b7<\/a> \u5c08\u70ba\u65e9\u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u6aa2\u6e2c\u800c\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"causes-and-risk-factors-of-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u5371\u96aa\u56e0\u5b50<\/h2>\n<p>\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u662f\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u907a\u50b3\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ee3\u8b1d\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5c0d\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u548c\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u7b49\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff09\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u5b58\u6d3b\u548c\u751f\u9577\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"genetic-risk-factors\">\u907a\u50b3\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CDKN2A\u7a81\u8b8a<\/strong>\uff1a\u9019\u4e9b\u57fa\u56e0\u6539\u8b8a\u986f\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u7d04 20-40% \u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u75c5\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>BRAF \u548c NRAS \u7a81\u8b8a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5206\u5225\u5728 50% \u548c 15% \u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u4e2d\u89c0\u5bdf\u5230\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u907a\u50b3\u9a45\u52d5\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u6a19\u9776\u6cbb\u7642\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"environmental-risk-factors\">\u74b0\u5883\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u8f3b\u5c04\u66b4\u9732<\/strong>\uff1a\u592a\u967d\u8f3b\u5c04\u6216\u66ec\u9ed1\u8a2d\u5099\u7684\u904e\u5ea6\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u7167\u5c04\u6703\u986f\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/strong>\uff1a\u9760\u8fd1\u8d64\u9053\u7def\u5ea6\u7684\u5730\u5340\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u76db\u884c\u7387\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8207\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u5f37\u5ea6\u589e\u5f37\u6709\u95dc\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u65e2\u5f80\u66ec\u50b7\u53f2<\/strong>\uff1a\u56b4\u91cd\u4e14\u53cd\u8986\u7684\u66ec\u50b7\u6703\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5152\u7ae5\u6216\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6642\u671f\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"lifestyle-and-other-risk-factors\">\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u8457\u7279\u5fb5<\/strong>\uff1a\u819a\u8272\u3001\u773c\u775b\u984f\u8272\u6216\u982d\u9aee\u984f\u8272\u8f03\u6dfa\u7684\u4eba\u60a3\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u500b\u4eba\u5316\u9810\u9632\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c0e\u81f4\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u6216\u85e5\u7269\u6703\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u767c\u751f\u7387\uff0c\u51f8\u986f\u4e86\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u4fdd\u8b77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u5bb6\u65cf\u764c\u75c7\u53f2<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e2\u5f80\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u8a3a\u65b7\u6216\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5bb6\u65cf\u764c\u75c7\u53f2\u6703\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u5b9a\u671f\u7be9\u6aa2\u4e26\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u89ba\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4ee3\u8b1d\u8106\u5f31\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u901a\u5e38\u5229\u7528\u4ee3\u8b1d\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u548c\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u5229\u7528\u9014\u5f91\u3002\u5927\u7d04 50% \u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u9577\u56b4\u91cd\u4f9d\u8cf4\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u4ee3\u8b1d\uff1b\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6a5f\u6703\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"asian-specific-and-hong-kong-risk-considerations\">\u4e9e\u6d32\u7279\u5b9a\u98a8\u96aa\u8207\u9999\u6e2f\u98a8\u96aa\u8003\u91cf\u56e0\u7d20<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u80a2\u7aef\u96c0\u6591\u4e9e\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u767c\u751f\u5728\u8173\u5e95\u548c\u624b\u638c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5305\u62ec\u9999\u6e2f\u5c45\u6c11\u5728\u5167\u7684\u4e9e\u6d32\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u5c24\u70ba\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5176\u5fae\u5999\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u5c0e\u81f4\u8a3a\u65b7\u5ef6\u9072\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9999\u6e2f\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6236\u5916\u4f11\u9592\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u9632\u66ec\u610f\u8b58\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0e\u81f4\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u767c\u751f\u7387\u4e0a\u5347\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7a4d\u6975\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u986f\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u767c\u751f\u7387\u548c\u56b4\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u5b9a\u671f\u76ae\u819a\u75c5\u5b78\u8a55\u4f30\u3001\u5c0d\u9ad8\u98a8\u96aa\u5bb6\u5ead\u9032\u884c\u907a\u50b3\u8aee\u8a62\u4ee5\u53ca\u7d30\u7dfb\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8abf\u6574\uff08\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u9632\u8b77\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u98f2\u98df\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9020\u8a2a\u4e16\u885b\u7d44\u7e54\u8cc7\u6e90\u6216\u570b\u5bb6\u764c\u75c7\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u8207\u9810\u9632\u7b56\u7565\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u898b\u89e3\u548c\u5efa\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"early-detection-and-screening-encouragement\">\u65e9\u671f\u767c\u73fe\u8207\u7be9\u6aa2\u9f13\u52f5<\/h3>\n<p>\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u767c\u73fe\u53ef\u986f\u8457\u6539\u5584\u5b58\u6d3b\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u76ae\u819a\u81ea\u6211\u6aa2\u67e5\u548c\u5c08\u696d\u76ae\u819a\u75c5\u5b78\u8a55\u4f30\u5c0d\u65e9\u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u8b58\u5225\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002\u63a5\u53d7\u65e9\u671f\u7be9\u6aa2\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9ad8\u98a8\u96aa\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6bcf\u6708\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u76ae\u819a\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u7570\u5e38\u7684\u75e3\u6216\u76ae\u819a\u8b8a\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c0d\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u767c\u73fe\u5c0b\u6c42\u53ca\u6642\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u8a55\u4f30\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53c3\u52a0\u5e74\u5ea6\u76ae\u819a\u7be9\u6aa2\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u5177\u6709\u907a\u50b3\u50be\u5411\u6216\u56e0\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6216\u8077\u696d\u56e0\u7d20\u7d93\u5e38\u66b4\u9732\u65bc\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u8f3b\u5c04\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u9769\u547d\u6027 <a href=\"\/zh-hk\/treatment-cancer\/\">4D \u7642\u6cd5\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u6cbb\u7642<\/a> \u4e26\u52a0\u5165\u8a31\u591a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u65c5\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Jane\uff0c\u5979\u900f\u904e\u6211\u5011\u7684\u6709\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u816b\u7624\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u514b\u670d\u4e86 III \u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"symptoms-of-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u75c7\u72c0<\/h2>\n<p>\u53ca\u65e9\u8b58\u5225\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u5c0d\u65bc\u6709\u6548\u6cbb\u7642\u548c\u589e\u52a0\u5b58\u6d3b\u6a5f\u6703\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u8d77\u6e90\u65bc\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7d30\u80de\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7d30\u80de\u7522\u751f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u76ae\u819a\u8272\u7d20\u6c89\u6fb1\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u57fa\u56e0\u7a81\u8b8a\u548c\u4ee3\u8b1d\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d30\u80de\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u53d7\u63a7\u5236\u5730\u751f\u9577\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u75c7\u72c0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u51fa\u73fe\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u75e3\u6216\u8272\u7d20\u751f\u9577\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u73fe\u6709\u75e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5f62\u72c0\u3001\u984f\u8272\u6216\u8cea\u5730\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u75e3\uff0c\u5169\u534a\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u540c\u4e00\u75e3\u5167\u908a\u754c\u4e0d\u5747\u52fb\u4e14\u984f\u8272\u4e0d\u540c\uff08\u68d5\u8272\u3001\u9ed1\u8272\u3001\u68d5\u8910\u8272\u3001\u7d05\u8272\u3001\u767d\u8272\u6216\u85cd\u8272\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u7269\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7121\u5916\u50b7\u7684\u75e3\u767c\u7662\u3001\u51fa\u8840\u6216\u6f70\u721b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u75e3\u6216\u8272\u7d20\u6591\u5468\u570d\u75bc\u75db\u6216\u58d3\u75db\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u5340\u57df\u9644\u8fd1\u7684\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u816b\u8139\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u75c7\u72c0\u56e0\u75be\u75c5\u968e\u6bb5\u800c\u7570\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"symptoms-in-early-stage-melanoma\">\u65e9\u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u75c7\u72c0<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c40\u90e8\u75c5\u7076\u901a\u5e38\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u8868\u76ae\u548c\u771f\u76ae\u6dfa\u5c64\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7121\u75db\u3001\u5f62\u72c0\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u7684\u8b8a\u8272\u6216\u75e3\u589e\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"symptoms-in-late-stage-melanoma-stage-3-and-4\">\u665a\u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff08\u7b2c 3 \u671f\u548c\u7b2c 4 \u671f\uff09<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7531\u65bc\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u4ee3\u8b1d\u9700\u6c42\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6301\u7e8c\u75b2\u52de\u548c\u4e0d\u660e\u539f\u56e0\u7684\u9ad4\u91cd\u6e1b\u8f15\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u76ae\u819a\u4e0b\u7684\u816b\u584a\u6216\u7d50\u7bc0\u8868\u660e\u53ef\u80fd\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u9130\u8fd1\u7d44\u7e54\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u56e0\u80ba\u90e8\u7cfb\u7d71\u8f49\u79fb\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6301\u7e8c\u54b3\u55fd\u6216\u547c\u5438\u6025\u4fc3\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8166\u8f49\u79fb\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u6027\u982d\u75db\u3001\u982d\u6688\u6216\u7672\u7647\u767c\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8179\u75db\u6216\u9ec3\u75b8\u8868\u793a\u809d\u81df\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u7d2f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9aa8\u9abc\u8f49\u79fb\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u9aa8\u75db\u6216\u4e0d\u9069\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u75c7\u72c0\u8207\u816b\u7624\u751f\u7269\u5b78\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u95dc\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u5206\u88c2\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u4ee5\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u901f\u7387\u6d88\u8017\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u7684\u4fb5\u8972\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u4ee3\u8b1d\u9700\u6c42\u2014\u2014\u9019\u662f\u74e6\u723e\u5821\u6548\u61c9\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u8a55\u4f30\u78ba\u4fdd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f37\u70c8\u6566\u4fc3\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u9019\u4e9b\u75c7\u72c0\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u7acb\u5373\u5c0b\u6c42\u91ab\u7642\u8a55\u4f30\u3002\u63a2\u7d22\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u9078\u9805 <a href=\"\/zh-hk\/our-hospital\/\">\u9019\u88e1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"stages-of-melanoma-malignant-melanoma-and-survival-rates\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\u548c\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387<\/h2>\n<p>\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u9810\u5f8c\u548c\u5b58\u6d3b\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u8a3a\u65b7\u6642\u7684\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u968e\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u751f\u5b58\u7d50\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u6574\u500b\u4e9e\u6d32\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"stage-1-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5 \u2013 \u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u3002\u816b\u7624\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8868\u6dfa\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c40\u9650\u65bc\u8868\u76ae\u5167\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u816b\u7624\u539a\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u5c0f\u65bc1\u6beb\u7c73\uff0c\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u8868\u76ae\u5c64\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u672a\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5230\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u53d7\u7d2f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6cbb\u7642\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u624b\u8853\u5207\u9664\uff0c\u908a\u7de3\u6e05\u6670\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6b64\u968e\u6bb5\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8f14\u52a9\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u64da\u9999\u6e2f\u764c\u75c7\u767b\u8a18\u8655\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u9810\u5f8c\u826f\u597d\uff0c5 \u5e74\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u7d04 95-100%\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"stage-2-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u7b2c 2 \u671f \u2013 \u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u968e\u6bb5 2 \u4ee3\u8868\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u66f4\u6df1\u5c64\u4fb5\u8972\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u3002\u9810\u5f8c\u4ecd\u7136\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u8b66\u89ba\u7684\u76e3\u6e2c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u816b\u7624\u539a\u5ea6\u901a\u5e38\u5728 1 \u81f3 4 \u6beb\u7c73\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u900f\u904e\u5f71\u50cf\u548c\u6d3b\u6aa2\u6280\u8853\u8b49\u5be6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8f49\u79fb\u6027\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u6216\u9060\u7aef\u64f4\u6563\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u624b\u8853\u4ecb\u5165\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff1b\u7d93\u5e38\u5efa\u8b70\u9032\u884c\u524d\u54e8\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u6d3b\u6aa2\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8003\u616e\u9810\u9632\u6027\u8f14\u52a9\u6cbb\u7642\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6a19\u9776\u6cbb\u7642\u6216\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u64da\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e9e\u6d32\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e94\u5e74\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u7d04\u70ba 85-90%\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"stage-3-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u968e\u6bb5 \u2013 \u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u968e\u6bb5\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u986f\u793a\u60e1\u6027\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u5340\u57df\u6027\u64f4\u6563\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u4f46\u6c92\u6709\u9060\u7aef\u8f49\u79fb\u3002\u5728\u60e1\u6027\u816b\u7624\u7684\u9019\u500b\u64cd\u4f5c\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u986f\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5340\u57df\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u7684\u53d7\u7d2f\u610f\u5473\u8457\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u5168\u8eab\u53d7\u7d2f\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u5347\u7d1a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u5e38\u5fc5\u9808\u624b\u8853\u5207\u9664\u816b\u7624\u548c\u53d7\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\uff08\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u5207\u9664\u8853\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u65bd\u7528\uff1a\u6a19\u9776\u7642\u6cd5\uff08BRAF\u6216MEK\u6291\u5236\u5291\uff09\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u7642\u6cd5\uff08\u6aa2\u67e5\u9ede\u6291\u5236\u5291\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7576\u6709\u6307\u5fb5\u6642\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7642\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u5c40\u90e8\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e94\u5e74\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u81f3\u7d04 50-70%\uff0c\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u6dcb\u5df4\u7d50\u53d7\u7d2f\u60c5\u6cc1\u548c\u816b\u7624\u8ca0\u8377\uff0c\u8207\u9999\u6e2f\u6297\u764c\u5354\u6703\u7b49\u7d93\u904e\u9a57\u8b49\u7684\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u9999\u6e2f\u7279\u5b9a\u6578\u64da\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"stage-4-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u7b2c\u56db\u968e\u6bb5 \u2013 \u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u968e\u6bb5\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u662f\u8f49\u79fb\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u5f9e\u5c40\u90e8\u5340\u57df\u64f4\u6563\u5230\u9060\u7aef\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u80ba\u3001\u809d\u3001\u9aa8\u3001\u8166\u6216\u80c3\u8178\u9053\u3002\u5728\u9019\u500b\u968e\u6bb5\u7ba1\u7406\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u9700\u8981\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u5316\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5b78\u79d1\u816b\u7624\u5b78\u5718\u968a\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7d9c\u5408\u5168\u8eab\u7642\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6a19\u9776\u7642\u6cd5\u3001\u514d\u75ab\u7642\u6cd5\uff08PD-1 \u6216\u200b\u200b CTLA-4 \u6291\u5236\u5291\uff09\u3001\u5316\u7642\u6216\u91dd\u5c0d\u589e\u52a0\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u6d88\u8017\u548c\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7642\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u8f49\u79fb\u75c5\u7076\u9032\u884c\u624b\u8853\u5207\u9664\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u75c7\u72c0\u4e26\u5ef6\u9577\u5b58\u6d3b\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u8a3b\u518a\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6709\u524d\u9014\u7684 4D \u6cbb\u7642\u8a08\u5283\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u6027\u8b77\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65e8\u5728\u7de9\u89e3\u75c7\u72c0\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u7684\u5b89\u5be7\u7642\u8b77\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u53d7\u5230\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\uff1b\u7d04 20-30% \u7684 3 \u5e74\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u65b0\u578b\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u70ba\u5c07\u8f49\u79fb\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u9019\u8207 AllCancer \u7684 2025 \u5e74\u76ee\u6a19\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5c08\u9580\u6cbb\u7642\u9801\u9762\u4e0a\u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u95dc\u6839\u64da\u60a3\u8005\u500b\u9ad4\u9700\u6c42\u91cf\u8eab\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u8a73\u7d30\u4fe1\u606f <a href=\"\/zh-hk\/treatment-cancer\/\">\u9019\u88e1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"limitations-of-traditional-therapies-for-melanoma-malignant-melanoma\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u50b3\u7d71\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"understanding-melanoma-malignant-melanoma-traditional-treatments-and-their-short\">\u4e86\u89e3\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u50b3\u7d71\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u7f3a\u9ede<\/h3>\n<p>\u96d6\u7136\u5316\u7642\u3001\u624b\u8853\u5207\u9664\u548c\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7642\u7b49\u50b3\u7d71\u7642\u6cd5\u6b77\u4f86\u662f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u986f\u8457\u9650\u5236\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u6cbb\u7642\u6548\u679c\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u9810\u5f8c\u3002\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u4e9b\u5f31\u9ede\u5c0d\u65bc\u6539\u5584\u5168\u7403\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u6548\u679c\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u5927\u4e9e\u6d32\u5730\u5340\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"chemotherapy-and-its-toxicity-challenges\">\u5316\u7642\u53ca\u5176\u6bd2\u6027\u6311\u6230<\/h3>\n<p>\u5316\u7642\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u6cbb\u7642\u4fb5\u8972\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u4e00\u7dda\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u986f\u8457\u7684\u5168\u8eab\u6bd2\u6027\u3002\u6839\u64da\u300aJAMA Oncology 2023\u300b\u6700\u65b0\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b78\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u7d04 78% \u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u60a3\u8005\u5728\u5e38\u898f\u5316\u7642\u65b9\u6848\u5f8c\u51fa\u73fe\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u9aa8\u9ad3\u6291\u5236\u3002\u9aa8\u9ad3\u6291\u5236\u53ef\u5c0e\u81f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u56b4\u91cd\u8ca7\u8840\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6162\u6027\u75b2\u52de\u4e26\u964d\u4f4e\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7d30\u80de\u6e1b\u5c11\u75c7\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5c0d\u5371\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u7684\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8840\u5c0f\u677f\u6e1b\u5c11\u75c7\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u51fa\u8840\u98a8\u96aa\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7d04 23% \u63a5\u53d7\u5316\u7642\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u60a3\u8005\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5fc3\u81df\u6bd2\u6027\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5145\u8840\u6027\u5fc3\u81df\u8870\u7aed\u548c\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u5fc3\u81df\u75c5\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u640d\u50b7\u986f\u8457\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u65bd\u7528\u7684\u5316\u7642\u5291\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u548c\u5291\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"radiotherapy-and-its-associated-complications\">\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7642\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u95dc\u4f75\u767c\u75c7<\/h3>\n<p>\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7642\u96d6\u7136\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u548c\u8f49\u79fb\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9020\u6210\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u9644\u5e36\u7d44\u7e54\u640d\u50b7\u3002\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7642\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u653e\u5c04\u7dda\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u708e\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u76ae\u819a\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u75bc\u75db\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u8870\u5f31\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9577\u671f\u4f75\u767c\u75c7\u5305\u62ec\u6dcb\u5df4\u6c34\u816b\u3001\u7e96\u7dad\u5316\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u8b8a\u8272\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u64da\u300aJAMA Oncology 2023\u300b\uff0c\u7e7c\u767c\u6027\u60e1\u6027\u816b\u7624\u6703\u4f7f\u60a3\u8005\u764c\u75c7\u8ca0\u64d4\u589e\u52a0\u7d04 300%\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u4e9e\u6d32\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8b39\u614e\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u624b\u8853\u4ecb\u5165\u6216\u5168\u8eab\u6027\u6cbb\u7642\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e0d\u9069\u7576\u6216\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"limitations-and-risks-of-melanoma-malignant-melanoma-surgery\">\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u624b\u8853\u7684\u9650\u5236\u548c\u98a8\u96aa<\/h3>\n<p>\u624b\u8853\u5207\u9664\u4ecd\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6cbb\u7642\u7b56\u7565\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u624b\u8853\u5b58\u5728\u5fc5\u9808\u4ed4\u7d30\u6b0a\u8861\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u624b\u8853\u90e8\u4f4d\u611f\u67d3\u5f71\u97ff\u7d04 15%-20% \u7684\u75c5\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5ef6\u9577\u4f4f\u9662\u6642\u9593\u4e26\u4f7f\u5fa9\u539f\u8b8a\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u75a4\u75d5\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u60c5\u7dd2\u56f0\u64fe\u548c\u7f8e\u5bb9\u6548\u679c\u53d7\u640d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8001\u5e74\u60a3\u8005\u4ee5\u53ca\u60a3\u6709\u4e9e\u6d32\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u5e38\u898b\u75be\u75c5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u548c\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\uff09\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u624b\u8853\u98a8\u96aa\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5207\u9664\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8f03\u6df1\u7684\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u2014\u7531\u65bc\u60a3\u8005\u5c31\u8a3a\u548c\u78ba\u8a8d\u5ef6\u9072\u800c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"limited-efficacy-in-advanced-disease\">\u5c0d\u665a\u671f\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u7642\u6548\u6709\u9650<\/h3>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u7642\u6cd5\u5728\u8f49\u79fb\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u5e38\u5e38\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u660e\u986f\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u7642\u6548\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7642\u5728\u665a\u671f\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u4e2d\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u7de9\u89e3\u7387 (ORR) \u4f4e\u65bc 21%\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u56b4\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5f48\u6027\u548c\u4ee3\u8b1d\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u62b5\u6297<\/h4>\n<p>\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u6cbb\u7642\u6548\u679c\u4f4e\u843d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u62b5\u6297\u6a5f\u5236\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u5177\u6709\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u9069\u61c9\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u3002\u5177\u9ad4\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u7d30\u80de\u7684 DNA \u4fee\u5fa9\u9176\u6d3b\u6027\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 400%\uff0c\u5c0d\u5316\u7642\u548c\u653e\u5c04\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u5e38\u898f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 DNA \u640d\u50b7\u5291\u5177\u6709\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u62b5\u6297\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u589e\u5f37\u7cd6\u9175\u89e3\u4ee3\u8b1d\uff08\u74e6\u723e\u5821\u6548\u61c9\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u58d3\u529b\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e5f\u80fd\u4fc3\u9032\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u6b96\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u4f9d\u8cf4\u6027\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66ff\u4ee3\u71df\u990a\u9014\u5f91\u4f86\u7e5e\u904e\u6a19\u6e96\u6cbb\u7642\u76ee\u6a19\u4e26\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0d\u53d7\u9650\u5236\u7684\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u9577\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"patient-quality-of-life-considerations\">\u60a3\u8005\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u8003\u91cf\u56e0\u7d20<\/h3>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u7642\u6548\u9650\u5236\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u50b3\u7d71\u7642\u6cd5\u4ecd\u5c0d\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u5927\u8ca0\u64d4\u3002\u5316\u7642\u3001\u653e\u7642\u548c\u8853\u5f8c\u6062\u5fa9\u671f\u9593\u9047\u5230\u7684\u5e38\u898b\u6311\u6230\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u75b2\u52de\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u6d3b\u52d5\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u4eab\u53d7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6301\u7e8c\u4e14\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u80c3\u8178\u9053\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5641\u5fc3\u3001\u5614\u5410\u3001\u98df\u617e\u6291\u5236\u548c\u71df\u990a\u4e0d\u826f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6cbb\u7642\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u9810\u5f8c\u5c0e\u81f4\u6182\u9b31\u3001\u7126\u616e\u548c\u6c88\u91cd\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8ca0\u64d4\u2014\u2014\u7531\u65bc\u764c\u75c7\u8a3a\u65b7\u53ef\u80fd\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6065\u8fb1\uff0c\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\u793e\u5340\u5c24\u5176\u660e\u986f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"regional-considerations-for-hong-kong-and-asia\">\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u4e9e\u6d32\u7684\u5340\u57df\u8003\u616e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u548c\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u4e9e\u6d32\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u52a0\u5287\u4e86\u50b3\u7d71\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7531\u65bc\u516c\u773e\u610f\u8b58\u8f03\u4f4e\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8a3a\u65b7\u5ef6\u9072\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u50b3\u7d71\u5e79\u9810\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u529f\u6548\u6f5b\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u53e3\u4e2d\u5408\u4f75\u75c7\u7684\u76db\u884c\u7387\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f7f\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7642\/\u653e\u7642\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\u8b8a\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u9762\u652f\u6301\u6027\u8b77\u7406\u7684\u91ab\u7642\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\u8fb2\u6751\u793e\u5340\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"moving-toward-improved-therapeutic-approaches\">\u9081\u5411\u6539\u9032\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u9451\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u76f8\u7576\u5927\u7684\u7f3a\u9ede\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u548c\u6cbb\u7642\u591a\u6a23\u5316\u52e2\u5728\u5fc5\u884c\u3002\u5c07\u91cd\u9ede\u8f49\u5411\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7642\u6cd5\u3001\u7d9c\u5408\u816b\u7624\u5b78\u548c\u7cbe\u6e96\u91ab\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u52a0\u901f\u5168\u7403\u816b\u7624\u5b78\u8209\u63aa\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u8207 AllCancer \u5c07\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u72c0\u614b\u7684 2025 \u5e74\u6230\u7565\u76ee\u6a19\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u884c\u52d5\u7ba1\u5236\u4ee4\uff1a<\/strong> \u63a2\u7d22\u5c16\u7aef\u4ee3\u8b1d\u816b\u7624\u7642\u6cd5\u5982\u4f55\u70ba\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff08\u60e1\u6027\u9ed1\u8272\u7d20\u7624\uff09\u6cbb\u7642\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u7acb\u5373\u63a2\u7d22\u7531\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u7814\u7a76\u5148\u9a45\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u6027 4D \u7642\u6cd5 - \u78ba\u4fdd 2025 \u5e74\u7684\u6709\u9650\u8aee\u8a62\u540d\u984d\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u7dad\u7121\u6bd2\u764c\u75c7\u7642\u6cd5\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u9999\u6e2f\u4ee3\u8b1d\u816b\u7624\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u5fc3\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u56db\u7dad\u7121\u6bd2\u7642\u6cd5\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u591a\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c07\u764c\u75c7\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6162\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u672c\u8abf\u67e5\u5831\u544a\u57fa\u65bc\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e26\u900f\u904e\u57fa\u65bc\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7814\u7a76\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u88dc\u5145\uff0c\u5c0d\u56db\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6291\u5236\u3001\u7bc0\u5f8b\u6027\u816b\u7624\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u9776\u5411\u65ac\u9996\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u98a8\u66b4\u6fc0\u6d3b\uff09\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5206\u6790\u5305\u62ec\u79d1\u5b78\u539f\u7406\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u8b49\u64da\u548c\u6f5b\u5728\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u53e3\u865f\u548c\u53e3\u865f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6291\u5236<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u7e3d\u7d50\u8207\u6a5f\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u9019\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u91dd\u5c0d\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u8106\u5f31\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u5c0d\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u3001\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u548c\u8102\u8cea\u5408\u6210\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u8af8\u5982\u7528\u65bc\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u8f49\u904b\u7684 GLUT1\/3\u3001\u7528\u65bc\u8c37\u6c28\u9170\u80fa\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7684 GLS\/ASCT2 \u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u65bc\u8102\u8cea\u5408\u6210\u7684 FASN \u7b49\u6291\u5236\u5291\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u900f\u904e\u5948\u7c73\u8f09\u9ad4\u905e\u9001\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u9a45\u52d5\u7684\u71df\u990a\u8abf\u7bc0\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7cbe\u78ba\u5ea6\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5f15\u767c ATP \u5371\u6a5f\u4e26\u524a\u5f31\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u8072\u7a31\u816b\u7624\u8461\u8404\u7cd6\u651d\u53d6\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86 82%\uff0c\u8840\u6f3f\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86 79%\uff0c\u819c\u78f7\u8102\u5408\u6210\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86 91%\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u79d1\u5b78\u4f9d\u64da<\/strong>\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41573-021-00339-6\">\u7cbe\u6e96\u816b\u7624\u5b78\u6642\u4ee3\u6a19\u9776\u764c\u75c7\u4ee3\u8b1d<\/a>\uff0c\u8b49\u5be6\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4ee3\u8b1d\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u74e6\u4f2f\u683c\u6548\u61c9\uff08\u6709\u6c27\u7cd6\u89e3\uff09\u548c\u9ea9\u91af\u80fa\u9178\u6210\u766e\u3002 GLUT1\/3 \u548c GLS \u7b49\u6291\u5236\u5291\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d <em>\u7d30\u80de\u4ee3\u8b1d<\/em> (2023) \u986f\u793a\u764c\u7d30\u80de\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u58d3\u529b\u8a98\u5c0e\u3002\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92\u8f38\u9001\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u65bc <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2590183420300028\">\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u57fa\u65bc\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u8f38\u9001<\/a>\uff0c\u589e\u5f37\u7279\u7570\u6027\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u816b\u7624\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u548c\u812b\u9776\u6548\u61c9\u7b49\u6311\u6230\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u81e8\u5e8a\u8b49\u64da\u8207\u6311\u6230<\/strong>\uff1a\u6240\u8072\u7a31\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u76ca\u8655\u8207\u65b0\u8208\u8a66\u9a57\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u764c\u75c7\u985e\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u80ba\u764c\u8207\u4e73\u764c\uff09\u548c\u60a3\u8005\u53cd\u61c9\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u8868\u660e\u9700\u8981\u500b\u6027\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 2024\u5e74 <em>\u7d30\u80de<\/em> \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8072\u7a31\u6297\u85e5\u6027\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u73fe\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e86 80%\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u900f\u904e\u66f4\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u591a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8a66\u9a57\u9032\u884c\u9a57\u8b49\u3002\u502b\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u616e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7372\u53d6\u548c\u8ca0\u64d4\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5728 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2949723X23000533\">\u57fa\u65bc\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u50b3\u8f38\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u529f\u6548\u56de\u9867<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u7bc0\u5f8b\u6027\u816b\u7624\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u7e3d\u7d50\u8207\u6a5f\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4e\u5291\u91cf\u3001\u7bc0\u5f8b\u5316\u7642\uff08\u50b3\u7d71\u5291\u91cf\u7684 1\/10\uff09\u548c\u8840\u7ba1\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\u56e0\u5b50\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u816b\u7624\u751f\u9577\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u6bd2\u6027\u4e26\u5be6\u73fe 67% \u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6cbb\u7642\u3002\u64da\u8072\u7a31\uff0c\u5b83\u5c07\u7121\u60e1\u5316\u5b58\u6d3b\u671f\u5f9e 5.2 \u500b\u6708\u5ef6\u9577\u81f3 11.8 \u500b\u6708\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u56b4\u91cd\u6bd2\u6027\u964d\u4f4e 67%\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u79d1\u5b78\u4f9d\u64da<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f4e\u5291\u91cf\u7bc0\u5f8b\u5316\u7642\u5df2\u88ab\u5ee3\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u5982 <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC4156829\/\">\u7bc0\u62cd\u5316\u7642<\/a>\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0d\u816b\u7624\u8840\u7ba1\u751f\u6210\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u8abf\u7bc0\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\uff0c\u652f\u6301 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2405844024007011\">\u7bc0\u62cd\u5316\u7642\u548c\u85e5\u7269\u518d\u5229\u7528<\/a>\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u589e\u5f37\u8840\u7ba1\u529f\u80fd\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u85e5\u7269\u8f38\u9001\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u5982 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0959804913005418\">\u4f4e\u5291\u91cf\u7bc0\u62cd\u5316\u7642\uff1a\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u6587\u737b\u5206\u6790<\/a> \u78ba\u8a8d\u6e1b\u5c11\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u6f5b\u5728\u7684\u6210\u672c\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u81e8\u5e8a\u8b49\u64da\u8207\u6311\u6230<\/strong>\uff1a\u8072\u7a31\u7684\u76ca\u8655\u8207\u8f49\u79fb\u6027\u4e73\u764c\u7684\u81e8\u5e8a\u6578\u64da\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u7642\u6548\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u816b\u7624\u985e\u578b\u548c\u60a3\u8005\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u6cc1\u800c\u7570\u3002\u5bb6\u5ead\u6cbb\u7642\u6a21\u5f0f\u96d6\u7136\u6709\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5805\u6301\u548c\u76e3\u6e2c\uff0c\u5982 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lifespringcancercenter.com\/our-treatment\/low-dose-metronomic-chemotherapy\">\u751f\u547d\u6cc9\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/a>\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u6297\u85e5\u6027\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u54c1\u8cea\u7684\u9577\u671f\u6578\u64da\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u57fa\u56e0\u6a19\u9776\u65ac\u9996<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u7e3d\u7d50\u8207\u6a5f\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\u6db2\u9ad4\u6d3b\u6aa2\u4f86\u6aa2\u6e2c 487 \u500b\u764c\u75c7\u9a45\u52d5\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u4e26\u4f7f\u7528\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92\u905e\u9001\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f86\u9776\u5411 KRAS\u3001BRAF \u548c TP53 \u7b49\u7a81\u8b8a\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u514b\u670d\u8840\u8166\u5c4f\u969c\u7b49\u969c\u7919\u3002\u5b83\u8072\u7a31 ORR \u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 67%\uff0c\u905e\u9001\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 9 \u500d\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u8f49\u79fb\u7624\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u79d1\u5b78\u4f9d\u64da<\/strong>\uff1a\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92\u8f38\u9001\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u524d\u6cbf\u9818\u57df\uff0c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/nano\/cancer-nanotechnology\/treatment\">\u5948\u7c73\u6280\u8853\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u548c\u6cbb\u7642<\/a> \u5f37\u8abf\u5176\u7a7f\u900f\u751f\u7406\u5c4f\u969c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6db2\u9ad4\u6d3b\u6aa2\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u65bc <a href=\"https:\/\/jnanobiotechnology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03433-8\">\u63a8\u9032\u764c\u75c7\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642<\/a>\uff0c\u5be6\u73fe\u5373\u6642\u7a81\u8b8a\u6aa2\u6e2c\uff0c\u8207\u7cbe\u6e96\u816b\u7624\u5b78\u8da8\u52e2\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u65bc <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41392-023-01642-x\">\u7528\u65bc\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92<\/a> \u5118\u7ba1\u6bd2\u6027\u548c\u9776\u5411\u7279\u7570\u6027\u7b49\u6311\u6230\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u6cbb\u7642\u8166\u8f49\u79fb\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u81e8\u5e8a\u8b49\u64da\u8207\u6311\u6230<\/strong>\uff1a\u8072\u7a31\u7684 ORR \u70ba 67% \u662f\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u65e9\u671f\u8a66\u9a57\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4f86\u9a57\u8b49\u8de8\u816b\u7624\u985e\u578b\u7684\u7642\u6548\u3002\u816b\u7624\u7570\u8cea\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u4e2d\u6240\u8ff0 <a href=\"https:\/\/molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12943-023-01865-0\">\u9032\u6b65\u5948\u7c73\u6280\u8853\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u6a19\u9776\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642<\/a>\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u9650\u88fd\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7d44\u5408\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u514d\u75ab\u98a8\u66b4\u6fc0\u6d3b<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u7e3d\u7d50\u8207\u6a5f\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528 PD-1\/CTLA-4 \u6291\u5236\u5291\u3001\u65b0\u6297\u539f\u75ab\u82d7\u3001CAR-NK \u7d30\u80de\u548c\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7d44\u8abf\u7bc0\u4f86\u6d3b\u5316\u591a\u5c64\u514d\u75ab\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u5b83\u8072\u7a31 3 \u5e74\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387\u70ba 62.7%\uff08\u6539\u5584\u4e86 244%\uff09\uff0c\u5fa9\u767c\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 85%\uff0c\u5c07\u300c\u51b7\u300d\u816b\u7624\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u300c\u71b1\u300d\u816b\u7624\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u79d1\u5b78\u4f9d\u64da<\/strong>\uff1a\u806f\u5408\u514d\u75ab\u7642\u6cd5\u662f\u9818\u5148\u9818\u57df\uff0c <a href=\"https:\/\/jhoonline.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13045-021-01164-5\">\u6700\u5927\u5316\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7642\u76ca\u8655\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u7b56\u7565<\/a> \u986f\u793a\u51fa\u589e\u5f37\u7684\u53cd\u61c9\u3002\u6aa2\u67e5\u9ede\u6291\u5236\u5291\u3001\u65b0\u6297\u539f\u75ab\u82d7\u548c CAR-T\/NK \u7642\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c3\u898b <a href=\"https:\/\/molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12943-025-02305-x\">\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u9032\u5c55<\/a>\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u514d\u75ab\u8fa8\u8b58\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u7d44\u8abf\u7bc0\uff0c\u7a81\u51fa\u986f\u793a\u65bc <a href=\"https:\/\/molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12943-021-01316-8\">\u764c\u75c7\u4ee3\u8b1d\u91cd\u7de8\u7a0b\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u53cd\u61c9<\/a>\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u5176\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u81e8\u5e8a\u8b49\u64da\u8207\u6311\u6230<\/strong>\uff1a\u8072\u7a31\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u8207\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u8a66\u9a57\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u9ad4\u7624\u7531\u65bc\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u6291\u5236\u5fae\u74b0\u5883\u800c\u5e36\u4f86\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5982 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2772906024004989\">\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u9032\u5c55<\/a>\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u5fa9\u767c\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u9577\u671f\u6578\u64da\u9700\u8981\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u9a57\u8b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6bd4\u8f03\u81e8\u5e8a\u7d50\u679c<\/h3>\n<p>\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6bd4\u8f03\u50b3\u7d71\u7642\u6cd5\u548c\u56db\u7dad\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u70ba\u6e05\u695a\u8d77\u898b\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u8907\u88fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<figure>\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6307\u6a19<\/td>\n<td>\u50b3\u7d71\u7684<br \/>\u6cbb\u7642<\/td>\n<td>\u56db\u7dad<br \/>\u6cbb\u7642<\/td>\n<td>\u6539\u9032<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5ba2\u89c0\u7de9\u89e3\u7387 (ORR)<\/td>\n<td>31%<\/td>\n<td>67%<\/td>\n<td>\u2191116%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3 \u5e74\u5b58\u6d3b\u7387<\/td>\n<td>18%<\/td>\n<td>62.70%<\/td>\n<td>\u2191244%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7387<\/td>\n<td>58%<\/td>\n<td>19%<\/td>\n<td>\u219367%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u8868\u683c\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u8a72\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u6f5b\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u60a3\u8005\u7fa4\u9ad4\u548c\u816b\u7624\u985e\u578b\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u503c\u5f97\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u7d50\u8ad6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u56db\u7dad\u7121\u6bd2\u7642\u6cd5\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u89e3\u6c7a\u764c\u75c7\u8907\u96dc\u6027\u7684\u5c16\u7aef\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6bcf\u7a2e\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u65b0\u8208\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u816b\u7624\u7570\u8cea\u6027\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u53ef\u8fd1\u6027\u7b49\u6311\u6230\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65b7\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u5efa\u8b70\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u548c\u53e3\u865f\u65e8\u5728\u9ad4\u73fe\u8a72\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u627f\u8afe\uff0c\u4e26\u5f15\u767c\u5c0d\u5176\u6539\u8b8a\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u6f5b\u529b\u7684\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e3b\u8981\u5f15\u6587<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41573-021-00339-6\">\u7cbe\u6e96\u816b\u7624\u5b78\u6642\u4ee3\u6a19\u9776\u764c\u75c7\u4ee3\u8b1d<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2590183420300028\">\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u57fa\u65bc\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u8f38\u9001<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC4156829\/\">\u7bc0\u62cd\u5316\u7642<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jnanobiotechnology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03433-8\">\u63a8\u9032\u764c\u75c7\u57fa\u56e0\u6cbb\u7642<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jhoonline.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13045-021-01164-5\">\u6700\u5927\u5316\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7642\u76ca\u8655\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u7b56\u7565<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2772906024004989\">\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u7642\u6cd5\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u9032\u5c55<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/nano\/cancer-nanotechnology\/treatment\">\u5948\u7c73\u6280\u8853\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u548c\u6cbb\u7642<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41392-023-01642-x\">\u7528\u65bc\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u667a\u6167\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12943-021-01316-8\">\u764c\u75c7\u4ee3\u8b1d\u91cd\u7de8\u7a0b\u548c\u514d\u75ab\u53cd\u61c9<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/molecular-cancer.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12943-025-02305-x\">\u764c\u75c7\u514d\u75ab\u6cbb\u7642\u7684\u9032\u5c55<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2405844024007011\">\u7bc0\u62cd\u5316\u7642\u548c\u85e5\u7269\u518d\u5229\u7528<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0959804913005418\">\u4f4e\u5291\u91cf\u7bc0\u62cd\u5316\u7642\uff1a\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027\u6587\u737b\u5206\u6790<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lifespringcancer.com\/metronomic-chemotherapy\/\">\u751f\u547d\u6cc9\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2772906024004989\">\u57fa\u65bc\u5948\u7c73\u9846\u7c92\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u50b3\u8f38\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u529f\u6548\u56de\u9867<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2772906024004989\">\u9032\u6b65\u5948\u7c73\u6280\u8853\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u6a19\u9776\u764c\u75c7\u6cbb\u7642<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"ac-blog-cta\">\n<h2>\u9700\u8981\u5354\u52a9\u4e86\u89e3\u6cbb\u7642\u9078\u64c7\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u5011\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u670d\u52d9\u5718\u968a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u60a8\u6e96\u5099\u5831\u544a\u4e26\u5b89\u6392\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u8aee\u8a62\u3002\u672c\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8a3a\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"\/zh-hk\/appointment\/\">\u9810\u7d04\u8aee\u8a62<\/a> &nbsp;|&nbsp; <a href=\"\/zh-hk\/cancer\/\">\u63a2\u7d22\u6240\u6709\u764c\u75c7\u985e\u578b<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"ac-blog-disclaimer\"><em>\u91ab\u7642\u514d\u8cac\u8072\u660e\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u50c5\u7528\u65bc\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u5408\u683c\u81e8\u5e8a\u91ab\u751f\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u6cbb\u7642\u6c7a\u5b9a\u61c9\u57fa\u65bc\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u3001\u5206\u671f\u3001\u75c5\u7406\u548c\u6574\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u767c\u73fe\u6301\u7e8c\u6216\u4ee4\u4eba\u64d4\u6182\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u8acb\u5c0b\u6c42\u91ab\u7642\u8a55\u4f30\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Melanoma (Malignant Melanoma) is a serious type of skin cancer arising from melanocytes, cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment determining skin 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